2014年2月21日星期五

[转载]每日修为练习

 [转载]每日修为练习


-----鲁道夫.史代纳著    张秋香  敬译

All  education  is  really  self-education.  As  teachers  we  are  only  part  of  the  surroundings  of  the  child  which  is  education  itself.  We  must  be  the  best  possible  surrounding  so  that  the  child  can  educate it  tune  with  its destiny.
——Rudolf  Steiner.

所有的教育其实是自我教育

孩子在环境中教育他自己
身为老师我们只是孩子环境中的一部分
我们必须尽可能让自己成为最好的环境
因此孩子可以教育他自己协调他自己的命运


周一的修为练习
正语 Right Speech
努力于发展更高精神层次的人
说话时,只发出有道理或有意义的话语
只为了打发时间的谈话是不好的
此类的交谈所有的话题混杂在一起,我们应避免
我们不打断同伴的话语,而应逐步的发展有意义的谈话
说话或回应时,应仔细的全面考量
宁可乐于保持沉默,也不说不具情理的话语
我们应试着不发出过多或过少的话语
先安静的倾听,再回应

周二的修为练习
正业 Right Deed (Right Action)
我们试着调整自己的行为以能和他人的事件协调
避免会干扰他人,和调适及自己的身份起冲突的行为
在生活中,因外在引起而需有反应时须考量最好的回应
当行为发自一时念头其后果应经过小心谨慎考虑
外在行为不应去干扰他人
当机缘到来需要行动出个人内在良知时
仔细深思熟虑如何以最好的方式因应这个机缘
为全人类, 为永垂不朽
永远的幸福

周三的修为练习
正命 Right Standing Point (Right Livelihood)
生活在顺合人类的本质和精神中
不迷失在生命外在的表层
避开每一件让生命不安及慌忙的事情
不轻率做事,也不空闲懒惰
过度的活动或懒惰都是背离自己的
生命是工作的资源,并循此处理生活
调节个人的习惯和照顾个人的健康
如此才得和谐健全

周四的修为练习
正精进 Right Eadeavour (Right Effort)
个人当去考验自己的能力和专长
并在此自知的启迪下行动出自我
凡事量力而为
尽心去完成每一件能力内之事
个人应以此生活在当下 未来目标和理想
而这些都是和为人应尽的大任有关
个人不呆板地视自己为沧海一粟
应去探索生命的任务
用心超越平凡生活事
个人要尽全力致完美来完成自己的任务
试着去发展自己 日后也可帮助劝导他人

周五的修为练习
正念 Right Rememberance (Awareness)
任何经历都给予一个机会来积累对生命有价值的经验
如果个人的表现有失误或不完善
让这成为未来再次表现更完善的一种激励
经验是丰富的宝藏
做任何事或下决定时,回顾过去的经验可以帮助我们
当观看他人举止和理想做比较时,始终持以忠良的眼光
我们可以在观看他人或小孩身上学习到很多
以此方式为目标来记住已学习到的事物

周六的修为练习
正思维 Right Opinion (Right Thought)
留意自己的念头和想法
只做有意义的思考
逐渐地学会分辨本质(重要)的
和非本质(不重要)的
永恒和无常 真理和信念
在倾听他人讲话时
试着以一颗完全平静的心
并排除他人会认同自己的期待
放弃所有的同意或不同意 排斥或批判
甚至于个人的想法和感受
因此我们的心被照管着
而成为一面外在世界真实的镜子
慢慢地不正确的思维和念头
将由我们的心中排除

周日的修为练习
正见  Right Judgement (Right Understanding)
下决定是在深思熟虑后
即便是微细的小事
让每一个轻率的行动及毫无意义的作为
远离我们的心
个人的作为应有确实的理由
并抛开无意义的动机
正确的判断并非以同理或反感(喜或恶)而定
如果个人对自己公正的决定是确信的
就应当坚定的把持住

附英文版:
THE EIGHT FLOD PATH by Rudolf Steiner in “Guidance in Esoteric Training” 

SATURDAY 

To pay attention to one’s ideas. To think only significant thoughts. To learn little by little to separate in one’s thoughts the essential from the non-essential, the eternal from the transitory, truth from mere opinion. In listening to the talk of one’s fellow-men, to try and become quite still inwardly, foregoing all assent, and still more all unfavorable judgments(criticism, rejection), even in one’s thoughts and feelings. This may be called RIGHT OPINION. 

SUNDAY 

To determine on even the most insignificant matter only after fully reasoned deliberation. All unthinking behavior, all meaningless actions, should be kept far away from the soul. One should always have well-weighed reasons for everything. And one should definitely abstain from doing anything for which there is no significant reason. Once one is convinced of the rightness of decision, one must hold fast to it, with inner steadfastness.
This may be called RIGHT JUDGMENT having been formed independently of sympathies and antipathies. 

MONDAY 

Talking. Only what has sense and meaning should come from the lips of one striving for higher development. All talking for the sake of talking-to kill time-is in this sense harmful.
The usual kind of conversation, a disjointed medley of remarks, should be avoided. This does not mean shutting oneself off from intercourse with one’s fellows; it is precisely then that talk should gradually be led to significance. One adopts a thoughtful attitude to every speech and answer, talking all aspects into account. Never talk without cause-be gladly silent. One tries not to talk too much or too little. First listen quietly; then reflect on what has been said. This exercise may be called: RIGHT WORD. 

TUESDAY 

External Actions. These should not be disturbing for our fellow-men. Where an occasion calls for action out of one’s inner being, deliberate carefully how one can best meet the occasion- for the good of the whole, the lasting happiness of man, the eternal.
Where one does things of one’s own accord, out of one’s own initiative: consider most thoroughly beforehand the effect of one’s action. This is called RIGHT DEED. 

WEDNESDAY 

The ordering of life. To live in accordance with Nature and Spirit. Not to be swamped by the external trivialities of life. To avoid all that brings unrest and haste into life. To hurry over nothing, but also not to be indolent. To look on life as a means for working forwards higher development and to behave accordingly. One speaks in this connection of RIGHT STANDPOINT. 

TUESDAY 

Human Endeavour. One should take care to do nothing that lies beyond one’s powers-but also to leave nothing undone which lies within them. To look beyond the everyday, the momentary, and to set oneself aims and ideals connected with the highest duties of a human being. For instance, in the sense of the prescribed exercises, to try to develop oneself so that afterwards one may be able all the more to help and advise one’s fellow-men-though perhaps not in the immediate future.
This can be summed up as: TO LET ALL THE FOREGOING EXERCISE BECOME A HABIT.

FRIDAY

The endeavor to learn as much as possible from life. Nothing goes by us without giving us a chance to gain experiences that are useful for life. If one has done something wrongly or imperfectly, that becomes a motive for doing it rightly or more perfectly, later on. If one sees others doing something, one observes them with the like end in view (yet not coldly or heartlessly). And one does nothing achievements. One can learn from everyone-even from children if one is attentive.
This exercise is called RIGHT MEMORY. (Remembering what has been learnt from experiences).

SUMMARY 

To turn one’s gaze inwards from time to time, even if only for five minutes daily at the same time. In so doing one should sink down into oneself, carefully take counsel with oneself, test and form one’s principles of life, run through in thought one’s knowledge-or lack of it-weigh up one’s duties, think over the contents and true purpose of life, feel genuinely pained by one’s own errors and imperfections. In a word: labor to discover the essential, the enduring, and earnestly aim at goals in accord with it: for instance, virtues to be acquired. (Not to fall into the mistake of thinking that one has done something well, but to strive ever further towards the highest standards.)
This exercise is called RIGHT EXAMINATION.

2014年2月16日星期日

大文豪對於「教師」的詮釋

托爾斯泰(Lev Nikolayevitch Tolstoy),是俄國著名的文學家,除了著有許多膾炙人口的文學作品之外,亦曾在雅斯納亞波良納(Yasnaya Polanya)為農夫的孩子創立了一所學校,在其所著「基本原理教學」這篇論文中,對於「教師」這個角色,他有如下的詮釋:
最好的教師是那些可以清晰明白地去解釋學生的困境是什麼的人。這些解釋給予這位教師最大可能之多個方法的相關知識、發明新方法的能力,和最重要的是,不盲目信奉單一的方法,而是知道所有的方法都只是單面的,最好的方法將是能有效解決在一名學生身上發生的所有可能困難,也就是說,一種並不只是方法而是一項藝術與才能。

每位老師必須考慮到學生理解力的不完美這點,不是學生的缺點而是教師教導的不足,從而致力於發展自己發現新方法的能力(引自夏林清等譯,2004P71-72。)

这一段话说的实在太好了。文豪不愧是文豪。坦白说我做老师的日子并不短,但我是最近才有这样的领悟。别人的方法,不一定适合自己使用,更不一定适合自己要处理的这个孩子。每个孩子都不一样,就算是同样一个孩子,今天这一招有效,明天可能就过期了。一个称职的好老师,真的要懂得很弹性的处理如何教好孩子的艺术。教无定法,因材施教,8个字很容易写,但是里面的学问之深,真可谓一辈子也学不完。

2014年2月14日星期五

宝贝忻忻的思念

好久好久都没有跟新部落格了。

这里仿佛被我遗忘似的。

2014新学年,忻忻已经是幼儿园的中班学生了。由于她就读的学校是采取混龄制度的,所以新学年一开始,以前要好的同学有几个已经升上小学了。

一天,忻忻突然问我:妈妈,我什么时候会上小学呢?

我很好奇,小小年纪的她怎么会这么问?

于是说:哦~~你还要等2年才进小学。

忻忻接着说:妈妈,我要念小学,我要找贝贝、小雨和子晴玩。

(原来是想念好朋友了。)

我说:那你可以画画给她们,让他们知道你很想念他们。

于是,忻忻开始画画。这四张就是忻忻的思念。

第二天,我这个做妈妈的只好把女儿特别载到小学,让她把自己的心意传送到 好友手中。

小小思念化成彩色的卡片,孩子的朋友会记得他们之间曾经有过的如此青涩却又真挚的情感吗?

我不知道。

我会好好保护忻忻那一颗心。

也希望忻忻永远如此的真诚、可爱。